论刑事附带民事诉讼精神损害赔偿制度确立

Research of Compensation of Criminal Mental Damage

Abstract: Since long ago, whether does the criminal supplementary civil action allow the victim to the accused person to propose the spirit damage compensate request question, in a legal science theory existence greater dispute, in the present legal framework the civil substantive law has stipulated the spiritual compensation, but Law of Criminal Procedure also denied the spiritual compensation. In the judicial practice has the civil substantive law and the criminal procedural law contradiction, is suitable appears not equally, is disadvantageous obtains the fair treatment to the litigant in the lawsuit activity, harmed the judicature to be fair, also had disobeys the legislation the original intention. Therefore, the author thought must establish the criminal supplementary civil action spirit damage compensates system. Embarked from our country criminal activity supplementary civil action spirit damage compensate system present situation, has analyzed the conflict and the malpractice which in the legislation stipulation, the judicial practice existed, reasonably profited from the English America method and the continental method two big legal systems related laws, further has discussed the anti- actually our country criminal activity supplementary civil action spirit damage compensate establishment present point of law, and proposed established our country criminal activity supplementary civil action spirit damage compensate system the legal basis.


Key Words: Criminal prosecution Supplementary civil action Spiritual harm Compensation



随着生活质量的提高，公民对精神生活质量的要求也越来越高，也由于精神损害赔偿制度其特有的价值，在世界范围内越来越受到重视。我国的精神损害赔偿制度经历了从无到有的过程，她的问世和实施不仅是我国人权制度的完善，也是我国法制建设的一个里程碑。但现阶段我国的精神损害赔偿仍然是不健全的，我国的《中华人民共和国民法通则》对精神损害赔偿制度作出了相应的规定，大量的司法实践中也证实了确立该项制度的合理性和合法性。但仅限于民事方面。而在刑事诉讼，目前我国的精神损害赔偿制度还没有明确的规定，这不能不说是我国立法的一个瑕疵、乃至缺陷，其弊端是显而易见的。

一、问题提出
对于侵犯人格权的犯罪行为，如杀人、伤害、****犯罪等，这些行为本身首先是一种严重的民事侵权行为，其社会危害性更大，给受害者造成的精神损害也更严重。但是如果将犯罪行为排除在精神损害赔偿范围之外，将会造成一种荒谬和不合逻辑的现象：在侵犯他人人身权，给他人身体造成伤害，但是由于侵害程度较轻而不构成犯罪的情况下，受害者有权要求精神损害赔偿；如果侵害程度较重而构成故意伤害罪时，被害人反而丧失了精神损害赔偿请求权。法律既然肯定对侵害人身权行为造成的精神损害予以物质赔偿，又否认人身伤害的精神损害赔偿，这是法律上的自相矛盾。
鉴于上述情况，笔者建议在刑事附带民事诉讼中建立精神损害赔偿制度，以避免法律冲突，维护程序法和实体法正常的法理关系，确立公平科学的法律赔偿体系，减少诉累，提高诉讼效率,进一步完善我国的精神损害赔偿制度。


二、我国刑事附带民事诉讼精神损害赔偿制度的现状
（一）立法现状
1、刑事立法关于精神损害赔偿的规定
Research of Compensation of Criminal Mental Damage

Abstract: Since long ago, whether does the criminal supplementary civil action allow the victim to the accused person to propose the spirit damage compensate request question, in a legal science theory existence greater dispute, in the present legal framework the civil substantive law has stipulated the spiritual compensation, but Law of Criminal Procedure also denied the spiritual compensation. In the judicial practice has the civil substantive law and the criminal procedural law contradiction, is suitable appears not equally, is disadvantageous obtains the fair treatment to the litigant in the lawsuit activity, harmed the judicature to be fair, also had disobeys the legislation the original intention. Therefore, the author thought must establish the criminal supplementary civil action spirit damage compensates system. Embarked from our country criminal activity supplementary civil action spirit damage compensate system present situation, has analyzed the conflict and the malpractice which in the legislation stipulation, the judicial practice existed, reasonably profited from the English America method and the continental method two big legal systems related laws, further has discussed the anti- actually our country criminal activity supplementary civil action spirit damage compensate establishment present point of law, and proposed established our country criminal activity supplementary civil action spirit damage compensate system the legal basis.


Key Words: Criminal prosecution Supplementary civil action Spiritual harm Compensation



随着生活质量的提高，公民对精神生活质量的要求也越来越高，也由于精神损害赔偿制度其特有的价值，在世界范围内越来越受到重视。我国的精神损害赔偿制度经历了从无到有的过程，她的问世和实施不仅是我国人权制度的完善，也是我国法制建设的一个里程碑。但现阶段我国的精神损害赔偿仍然是不健全的，我国的《中华人民共和国民法通则》对精神损害赔偿制度作出了相应的规定，大量的司法实践中也证实了确立该项制度的合理性和合法性。但仅限于民事方面。而在刑事诉讼，目前我国的精神损害赔偿制度还没有明确的规定，这不能不说是我国立法的一个瑕疵、乃至缺陷，其弊端是显而易见的。